Vehicle - Vehicle Functionality
Subsystem Description
The Vehicle Subsystem (VS) provides the sensory, processing, storage, and communications functions necessary to support efficient, safe, and convenient travel. These functions reside in general vehicles including personal automobiles, commercial vehicles, emergency vehicles, transit vehicles, or other vehicle types. Information services provide the driver with current travel conditions and the availability of services along the route and at the destination. Both one-way and two-way communications options support a spectrum of information services from low-cost broadcast services to advanced, pay for use personalized information services. Route guidance capabilities assist in formulation of an optimal route and step by step guidance along the travel route. Advanced sensors, processors, enhanced driver interfaces, and actuators complement the driver information services so that, in addition to making informed mode and route selections, the driver travels these routes in a safer and more consistent manner. Initial collision avoidance functions provide 'vigilant co-pilot' driver warning capabilities. More advanced functions assume limited control of the vehicle to maintain safe headway. Ultimately, this subsystem supports completely automated vehicle operation through advanced communications with other vehicles in the vicinity and in coordination with supporting infrastructure subsystems. Pre-crash safety systems are deployed and emergency notification messages are issued when unavoidable collisions do occur.
Functional Area: Interactive Vehicle Reception
Provides drivers with traffic, maintenance and construction, transit, yellow pages, event, and weather information upon request.
| ID | Requirement | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The vehicle shall receive formatted traffic and travel advisories from a center and present them to the driver upon request. | Existing |
| 2 | The vehicle shall receive travel alerts from a center and present them to the driver. Relevant alerts are provided based on pre-supplied trip characteristics and preferences. | Existing |
| 3 | The vehicle shall receive yellow pages information (such as lodging, restaurants, theaters, and other tourist activities) from a center and present it to the driver upon request. | Existing |
| 4 | The vehicle shall receive event information from a center and present it to the driver upon request. | Planned |
| 5 | The vehicle shall collect vehicle data and present it to the driver (including vehicle conditions, environmental conditions, safety and position warnings, and enhanced vision images) upon request. | Planned |
| 6 | The vehicle shall provide the capability of translating signage for presentation to the driver, including fixed signage, situational messages, or work zone intrusion messages. | Planned |
| 7 | The vehicle shall accept reservations for yellow pages services, non-motorized transportation information and event information. | Planned |
| 8 | The vehicle shall prioritize safety and warning messages to supersede advisory and broadcast messages. | Planned |
| 9 | The vehicle shall base requests from the driver on the vehicle's current location, and filter the provided information accordingly. | Planned |
| 10 | The vehicle shall accept personal preferences, recurring trip characteristics, and traveler alert subscription information from the driver and send this information to a center to support customized traveler information services. | Planned |
| 11 | The vehicle shall support driver input in audio or manual form. | Existing |
| 12 | The vehicle shall present information to the driver in audible or visual forms without impairing the driver's ability to control the vehicle in a safe manner. | Existing |
Functional Area: Vehicle Intersection Control
On-board systems to detect an impending collision in an intersection prior to crash impact and automatically avoid the intersection collision. May also take input from devices in the infrastructure.
| ID | Requirement | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The vehicle shall monitor the area surrounding the vehicle as it approaches an intersection to determine the proximity of other objects to the vehicle. Obstacles could include animals, other vehicles, pedestrians, debris in roadway etc. | Planned |
| 2 | The vehicle shall evaluate the likelihood of a collision between two vehicles or a vehicle and a stationary object, based on the proximity of other objects to the vehicle and the current speed and direction of the vehicle. | Planned |
| 3 | The vehicle shall monitor its approach to the intersection and determine if it is approaching the intersection with excessive speed or in an unsafe manner. | Planned |
| 4 | The vehicle shall send its current position, velocity, acceleration, direction, and intended turning movement to the roadway field equipment. | Planned |
| 5 | The vehicle shall receive warnings and collision avoidance data (intersection congestion, approaching vehicles, potential collision hazards, etc.) from the roadway field equipment. | Planned |
| 6 | The vehicle shall provide warnings to the driver about the presence of potentially hazardous situations and need for immediate action. | Planned |
| 7 | The vehicle shall send appropriate control actions to the vehicle's braking and steering actuators. | Planned |
| 8 | The vehicle shall deploy a pre-crash safety system either to avoid the accident or to reduce the accident severity, once it has determined the probability of a collision to be high. | Planned |
| 9 | The vehicle shall present information to the driver in audible or visual forms without impairing the driver's ability to control the vehicle in a safe manner. | Planned |
Functional Area: Vehicle Intersection Safety Warning
On-board systems to detect an impending collision in an intersection prior to crash impact and notify the driver of the presence of potentially hazardous situations and need for immediate collision avoidance action. May also take input from devices in the infrastructure.
| ID | Requirement | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The vehicle shall monitor the area surrounding the vehicle as it approaches an intersection to determine the proximity of other objects to the vehicle. Obstacles could include animals, other vehicles, pedestrians, debris in roadway etc. | Planned |
| 2 | The vehicle shall evaluate the likelihood of a collision between two vehicles or a vehicle and a stationary object, based on the proximity of other objects to the vehicle and the current speed and direction of the vehicle. | Planned |
| 3 | The vehicle shall monitor its approach to the intersection and determine if it is approaching the intersection with excessive speed or in an unsafe manner. | Planned |
| 4 | The vehicle shall send its current position, velocity, acceleration, direction, and intended turning movement to the roadway field equipment. | Planned |
| 5 | The vehicle shall receive warnings and collision avoidance data (intersection congestion, approaching vehicles, potential collision hazards, etc.) from the roadway field equipment. | Planned |
| 6 | The vehicle shall provide warnings to the driver about the presence of potentially hazardous situations and need for immediate action. | Planned |
| 7 | The vehicle shall present information to the driver in audible or visual forms without impairing the driver's ability to control the vehicle in a safe manner. | Planned |
Functional Area: Vehicle Location Determination
Receives current location of the vehicle from GPS or other positioning technology and provides this information to other in-vehicle functions.
| ID | Requirement | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The vehicle shall provide the vehicle's current location to other in-vehicle functions. | Planned |
| 2 | The vehicle shall calculate the location from one or more data sources including positioning systems such as GPS, sensors that track vehicle movement, and maps used to determine the likely vehicle route. | Planned |
Functional Area: Vehicle Longitudinal Control
On-board systems to provide longitudinal control to allow "feet off" driving, automating the function of speed control, acceleration, and braking. Sensors to detect obstacles or vehicles in the longitudinal path of the vehicle with controls initiated by accelerator and/or brake actuators.
| ID | Requirement | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The vehicle shall monitor the area behind and in front of the vehicle to determine the proximity of other objects to the vehicle. | Planned |
| 2 | The vehicle shall evaluate the likelihood of a collision between two vehicles or a vehicle and a stationary object, based on the proximity of other objects to the vehicle and the current speed and direction of the vehicle. | Planned |
| 3 | The vehicle shall provide position warnings to the driver when an object gets close enough to the vehicle to become a hazard if no action is taken by the driver. | Planned |
| 4 | The vehicle shall provide an interface through which a vehicle driver can initiate, monitor and terminate automatic control of the vehicle. | Planned |
| 5 | The vehicle shall send appropriate control actions (acceleration, braking, or maintaining speed) to the vehicle's accelerator and/or brake actuators. | Planned |
| 6 | The vehicle shall present information to the driver in audible or visual forms without impairing the driver's ability to control the vehicle in a safe manner. | Planned |
Functional Area: Vehicle Short Range Traveler Information Reception
Provides drivers with road condition, environmental, advisory, and other traveler information received via short range communications.
| ID | Requirement | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The vehicle shall receive traveler information including traffic and road conditions, incident information, maintenance and construction information, event information, transit information, parking information, and weather information. | Planned |
| 2 | The vehicle shall receive advisory information, such as evacuation information, proximity to a maintenance and construction vehicle, wide-area alerts, work zone intrusion information, and other special information. | Planned |
| 3 | The vehicle shall receive indicator and fixed sign information including static sign information (e.g., stop, curve warning, guide signs, service signs, and directional signs) and dynamic information (e.g., current signal states and local conditions warnings identified by local environmental sensors). | Planned |
| 4 | The vehicle shall store a translation table for road sign and message templates used for in-vehicle display. | Planned |
| 5 | The vehicle shall present the received information to the driver in audible or visual forms without impairing the driver's ability to control the vehicle in a safe manner. | Planned |
Functional Area: Vehicle Toll/Parking Interface
On-board systems to support paying toll without stopping and pay for parking without the use of cash through the use of an active tag interface and debit/credit card interface.
| ID | Requirement | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The vehicle shall respond to requests from toll collection equipment for credit identity, stored value card cash, etc. | Planned |
| 2 | The vehicle shall respond to request from parking field equipment for credit identity, stored value card cash, etc. | Planned |
| 3 | The vehicle shall provide an interface to the driver to make requests for advance payments of tolls, parking, and transit fares and present the status of electronic payment transactions. | Planned |
| 4 | The vehicle shall provide an interface with the traveler card / payment instrument carried on-board the vehicle - to exchange identity information and payment transactions. | Planned |
| 5 | The vehicle shall present information to the driver in audible or visual forms without impairing the driver's ability to control the vehicle in a safe manner. | Planned |
Functional Area: Vehicle Traffic Probe Support
On-board systems that identify location, measure traffic conditions such as link travel time and speed and transmit data to a center or roadside equipment.
| ID | Requirement | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The vehicle shall respond to requests from short range communications equipment for identification information that can be used to collect basic probe information; the field equipment will remove identification information to ensure anonymity. | Planned |
| 2 | The vehicle shall track its current vehicle position, speed, and heading and record snapshots of events (e.g., starts and stops, link travel times) that can be used to determine current traffic conditions. | Planned |
| 3 | The vehicle shall record vehicle trip information (e.g., travel times, origin and destination information for vehicles that opt in) that can be used to support transportation planning. | Planned |
| 4 | The vehicle shall transmit collected probe data to the center. | Planned |
| 5 | The vehicle shall transmit collected probe data to field equipment located along the roadway. | Planned |
| 6 | The vehicle shall report the number of vehicle occupants to field equipment located along the roadway. | Planned |